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Peter Philip Carey AO (born 7 May 1943) is an Australian novelist, known primarily for being one of only three writers to have won the Booker Prize twice—the others being J. M. Coetzee and Hilary Mantel. Carey won his first Booker Prize in 1988 for ''Oscar and Lucinda'', and won for the second time in 2001 with ''True History of the Kelly Gang''.〔John Ezard, ("Carey wins Booker for Second Time" ). ''The Guardian'', 18 October 2001. Retrieved 30 March 2012.〕 In May 2008 he was nominated for the Best of the Booker Prize.〔("The Best of the Booker Shortlist Announced" ), Man Booker Prize Media Release, 12 May 2008. Retrieved 30 March 2012.〕 Carey has won the Miles Franklin Award three times and is frequently named as Australia's next contender for the Nobel Prize in Literature.〔Alison Flood, ("Peter Carey: Parrot and Olivier in America Could Be My Best Book" ). ''The Guardian'', 17 August 2010. Retrieved 30 March 2012.〕 In addition to writing fiction, he collaborated on the screenplay of the film ''Until the End of the World'' with Wim Wenders and is executive director of the Master of Fine Arts in Creative Writing program at Hunter College, part of the City University of New York.〔(MFA Creative Writing ), Hunter College, City University of New York. Retrieved 30 March 2012.〕 ==Early life and career: 1943–1970== Peter Carey was born in Bacchus Marsh, Victoria, in 1943. His parents ran a General Motors dealership, Carey Motors. He attended Bacchus Marsh State School from 1948 to 1953, then boarded at Geelong Grammar School between 1954 and 1960. In 1961, Carey enrolled in a science degree at the new Monash University in Melbourne, majoring in chemistry and zoology, but cut his studies short due to a car accident and a lack of interest. It was at university that he met his first wife, Leigh Weetman, who was studying German and philosophy, and who also dropped out.〔Mary Ellen Snodgrass, ''Peter Carey: A Literary Companion'' (Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland, 2010), pp. 6-8.〕 In 1962, he began to work in advertising. He was employed by various Melbourne agencies between 1962 and 1967, including on campaigns for Volkswagen and Lindeman's Wine.〔Snodgrass, p. 9.〕 His advertising work brought him into contact with older writers who introduced him to recent European and American fiction: "I didn't really start getting an education until I worked in advertising with people like Barry Oakley and Morris Lurie—and Bruce Petty had an office next door."〔Candida Baker, ''Yacker: Australian Writers Talk about Their Work'' (Sydney: Picador, 1986), pp. 54-77.〕 During this time, he read widely, particularly the works of Samuel Beckett, William Faulkner, James Joyce, Franz Kafka, and Gabriel García Márquez, and began writing on his own, receiving his first rejection slip in 1964, the same year he married Weetman.〔Snodgrass, pp. 9-10. See also Carey Papers, Fryer Library, University of Queensland, (Series B: Short Stories ), B.1: Unpublished Short Stories, B.1 (a) Early short stories 1965-1967, Related correspondence 1964-1966. Retrieved 30 March 2012.〕 Over the next few years he wrote five novels—''Contacts'' (1964–1965), ''Starts Here, Ends Here'' (1965–1967), ''The Futility Machine'' (1966–1967), ''Wog'' (1969), and ''Adventures on Board the Marie Celeste'' (1971). None of them were published. Sun Books accepted ''The Futility Machine'' but did not proceed with publication, and ''Adventures on Board the Marie Celeste'' was accepted by Outback Press before being withdrawn by Carey himself.〔Carey Papers, Fryer Library, University of Queensland, (Series A: Novels ), A.1: Unpublished Novels. Retrieved 30 March 2012.〕 These and other unpublished manuscripts from the period—including twenty-one short stories—are now held by the Fryer Library at the University of Queensland.〔See also the (bibliography ) in Andreas Gaile (ed.) ''Fabulating Beauty: Perspectives on the Fiction of Peter Carey'' (Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi, 2005). Retrieved 30 March 2012.〕 Carey's only publications during the 1960s were "Contacts" (a short extract from the unpublished novel of the same name, in ''Under Twenty-Five: An Anthology'', 1966) and "She Wakes" (a short story, in ''Australian Letters'', 1967). Towards the end of the decade, Carey and Weetman abandoned Australia with "a certain degree of self-hatred",〔Sonia Harford, ''Leaving Paradise: My Expat Adventure and Other Stories'' (Melbourne: Melbourne University Publishing, 2006), p. 111.〕 travelling through Europe and Iran before settling in London in 1968, where Carey continued to write highly regarded advertising copy and unpublished fiction. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Peter Carey (novelist)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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